We propose a unified framework in which the photon’s phase and spin are treated not merely as internal quantum parameters but as geometric coordinates embedded in an extended configuration space.  By extending the d’Alembertian operator to include derivatives with respect to these internal angles, we develop a field equation in which the photon acquires effective mass and magnetic moment through nonlinear self-interaction.  This mass-like behavior arises from the curvature of internal spin-phase space, without requiring an actual rest mass. We show that gravitational and vacuum energy potentials can be of comparable magnitude, allowing spin-dependent energy shifts to source gravitational effects.  In this view, changes in spin state behave as localized variations in energy that gravitate, linking quantum transitions to spacetime geometry.  On large scales, the interplay between 3D gravitational attraction and 2D vacuum-like repulsion leads to a modified potential that naturally produces flat galactic rotation curves without invoking dark matter.This model predicts measurable consequences such as spinor precession, polarization-dependent phase shifts, and interferometric signatures in structured magnetic fields.  These effects suggest that spin and phase may represent genuine directions in an augmented space, and that gravitational behavior may emerge from internal quantum geometry.  The results point toward a deeper synthesis of quantum mechanics and gravity, rooted in the geometric structure of the photon itself.

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5 Physics Paper

We present a unified model that connects gravitation, quantum spin dynamics, and vacuum structure by proposing that mass is attracted not only to other mass but also to regions of lower gravitational potential—interpreted as “empty space.”  This dual attraction mechanism leads to amodified gravitational potential,    where the second term encodes an attraction to voids.  This framework offers an alternative explanation for the emergence of cosmic structure, including voids and filamentary networks, without requiring dark energy or inflation.  Extending the model to photons, we treat their energy as an effective mass that both creates and responds to gravitational-like wells.  We derive a photon capture radius analogous to the Schwarzschild radius and show how spin flips at resonance cause local fluctuations in the zero-point energy, enabling a dynamic interaction between photons and the vacuum.  These effects are examined through finite potential wells, where photons emerge, flip spin at resonance, and emerge—paralleling the emission and absorption behavior of blackbody surfaces.  By modeling these surfaces in two dimensions and applying a 2D Planck law, we show how local energy fluctuations modify the zero point energy without changing well geometry.  Additionally, we suggest the existence of potential wells at alternate foci of elliptical orbits, which may act as complementary absorbers and emitters across a gravitational network.  This framework offers a fresh take on black hole boundaries, vacuum dynamics, and photon behavior, unifying key aspects of classical gravity, quantum field theory, and thermodynamics, and providing testable predictions across scales.

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This paper explores the intersection of cosmological redshift phenomena and quantum mechanical resonance, proposing a new interpretation of galactic observations. We derive a mathematical framework connecting redshift measurements with quantum resonance behavior, suggesting that apparent brightness anomalies in distant galaxies may be partially explained by resonance effects rather than solely by universal expansion. By analyzing the scattering amplitude and phase shifts of photons in potential wells, we demonstrate how the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation may exhibit resonant frequencies that correspond to specific redshift values. We introduce a model where photons undergo effective time delays during resonance processes, potentially explaining observed spectral shifts without relying exclusively on recessional velocity interpretations. This approach suggests that some galaxies may appear brighter than expected due to particles with longer lifespans resulting from narrower resonance half-widths. Next, our calculations indicate that when the scattering amplitude equals the imaginary unit, resonance occurs at the peak frequency of the CMB, providing a potential new perspective on the relationship between quantum phenomena and large-scale cosmic structures. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates how radiation, such as green light, emitted from a receding galaxy, would undergo redshift both from recessional velocity and quantum resonance effects. By comparing observed wavelength shifts to theoretical resonance calculations, the paper suggests photons may “tunnel” through potential wells, producing resonant transitions that contribute to redshift independently of universal expansion.

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3 Physics Paper

We investigate quantum scattering processes in the complex wave number (k) plane, examining how potential-induced phase changes generate spiral trajectories through complex exponentials. By analyzing bound state energies as discrete bisections in k-space, we demonstrate these states can be mapped to specific spiral functions. We apply this framework to cosmic microwave background radiation, using its peak wavelength (0.00106 meters) to define potential well dimensions that support quantized states. The intersection of complex-k trajectories with bound state spirals suggests an interpretation of cosmological redshift as a quantum phenomenon associated with bound state energies. This approach offers a new mathematical framework for analyzing redshift mechanics in the complex-k plane.

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2 Physics paper

This paper explores a possible connection between quantum wave behavior and red-shift phenomena. We begin with a detailed derivation of the transmission coefficient and use that foundation to analyze resonant photon transmission through a potential well. In so doing, we solve for a g-factor—a dimensionless constant associated with magnetic properties—that varies along with the energy of the system in question. Temperature dependent shifts in the g-factor relate the thermodynamic properties of blackbody radiation to a red-shift that would explain how or why the universe might be expanding. We conclude, however, that the universe might not be expanding: instead, the universe would be filled up with potential energy wells that, along with the kinetic energy of the particle(s) they enfold, offer theoretical insight into energy transfer at both the quantum and cosmological level. It shows that there could be a relationship between the two, and, because of that, we might find alternative explanations for dark energy (or, for that matter, every kind of energy), that would permeate throughout the universe.

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1 Physics paper